Nemzetközi szemle: Június

Közlekedés-statisztikai évkönyv USA 2013
Transportation Statistics Annual Report 2013
Szerző(k):
U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, USA

Terjedelem: 205 oldal

The Transportation Statistics Annual Report describes the Nation’s transportation system, the system’s performance, its contributions to the economy, and its effects on people and the environment. Main chapters:

• Extent of the U.S. Transportation System
• Physical Condition of the U.S. Transportation System
• Moving People
• Moving Goods
• Transportation System Performance
• Transportation Economics
• Transportation Safety
• Energy and Environment
• The State of Transportation Statistics

A forgalom és a közlekedés szimulációja – előretekintés és visszapillantás: a forgalmi folyam elmélet 50-ik évfordulójának ünneplése Workshop (előadások)
Traffic and Transportation Simulation – Looking Back and Looking Ahead: Celebrating 50 Years of Traffic Flow Theory, a Workshop
Szerző(k):
Transportation Research Board Standing Committee on Traffic Flow Theory and Characteristics, USA
Terjedelem: 156 oldal

In 1963, the TRB Committee on Traffic Flow Theory (TO-9) and the Committee on Characteristics of Traffic Flow (TO-12) were formed, with D. L. Gerlough and H. L. Michael as chairs, respectively. In 1971, the two committees merged to form the Committee on Traffic Flow Theory and Characteristics (AHB45). In recognition and celebration of these 50 years of traffic flow theory, several special events were organized in 2014, including a Sunday workshop held on January 12, 2014, at the Marriott Wardman Park Hotel in Washington, D.C. With the accomplishments of the past 50 years in mind, the workshop focused on traffic and transportation simulation—looking back and looking ahead. Coincidentally, this theme was also consistent with the Transportation Research Board 93rd Annual Meeting theme, Celebrating Our Legacy, Anticipating Our Future. That year’s theme was adopted because it was the year of the final TRB Annual Meeting at the Connecticut Avenue hotels, where it was held for nearly 60 years. It was an appropriate time to recognize past accomplishments in the simulation field, reflect on the present state of the research community, and identify key future directions. The committee invited top experts in the field to provide discussion papers on the history, current status, and future of traffic simulation. The audience was asked to provide input and frame a forward-looking discussion of future trends and research needs. We are very pleased to publish eight of these papers in this e-circular as part of our legacy.

Különleges túlsúlyos közúti szállítások engedélyezésének gyakorlata
Practices for Permitting Superheavy Load Movements on Highway Pavements

Szerző(k):
A.T. Papagiannakis
University of Texas at San Antonio, USA
Terjedelem: 303 oldal
The report documents the practices followed in issuing permits for overweight and superheavy commercial vehicles (SHCVs) or “superloads.” These are trucks that exceed the thresholds set for overweight vehicles allowed to operate with annual permits throughout state highway networks. This synthesis collected detail on the practices that U.S. states and Canadian provinces use. It focuses on SHCV issues related to pavements. This synthesis can aid state officials and state highway engineers in permit activities. A literature review and detailed survey responses from 52 of 60 states and Canadian provinces, yielding a response rate of 87%, are provided. Also, four case examples offer more detailed information on permitting practices. This synthesis is an immediately useful document that records the practices that were acceptable within the limitations of the knowledge available at the time of its reparation. As progress in research and practice continues, new knowledge will be added to that now at hand.

Úttervezés nehéz járművek számára
Road Design for Heavy Vehicles
a letöltéshez ingyenes regisztráció szükséges
Szerző(k):
Michael Tziotis, David Milling and Andrej Bucko Austroads Australia

Terjedelem: 178 oldal
Heavy vehicle crashes across Australia and New Zealand continue to be a major road safety issue. There are road design criteria that are not based on the requirements of heavy vehicles and the purpose of this study was to update criteria for intersections to accommodate heavy vehicles. The study examined gap selection at a variety of intersection layouts including two lane and four lane intersections. The results provided a reasonable measurement of the gap sizes due to the low number of heavy vehicles undertaking movements through the intersections. Consultation with industry stakeholders identified a number of matters that concern the heavy vehicle operators. The key matters were difficulty in negotiating small roundabouts due to swept path, proximity of roadside furniture and length of merge lanes to reach the speed limits.

Forgalmi menedzsment útmutató 1. rész: bevezetés a forgalmi menedzsmentbe
Guide to Traffic Management Part 1: Introduction to Traffic Management
a letöltéshez ingyenes regisztráció szükséges
Szerző(k):
Clarissa Han, James Luk
Austroads Australia
Terjedelem: 19 oldal

The Austroads Guide to Traffic Management has 13 Parts and provides comprehensive coverage of traffic management guidance for practitioners involved in traffic engineering, road design and road safety. Part 1: Introduction to Traffic Management provides an introduction to the discipline of traffic management and an overview of the structure and content of the Guide. It outlines the breadth of the subject, the distribution of content among the various Parts of the Guide, and the relationship with other Guides such as those for Road Design, Road Safety and Road Transport Planning. Part 1 introduces traffic management in a practical context, and presents fundamental definitions, principles and objectives. It introduces functional road hierarchy as an essential concept, and outlines the basic elements of traffic management and their application. It provides an overview of how the various parts of the Guide would typically be used by a wide range of practitioners.

Alacsonyabb hőmérsékletű aszfalt felhasználása az útburkolat építésben
Use of lower temperature asphalt in pavement construction
Szerző(k):
M. Wayman, J. C. Nicholls, I. Carswell

Transport Research Laboratory, UK

Terjedelem: 172 oldal
Lower temperature asphalts (LTAs) have been identified as a way of reducing the energy required to produce and lay asphalt materials, the carbon footprint of pavement construction and maintenance, and exposure to fumes for workers. A demonstration site with sections of lower temperature asphalt surface and binder course mixtures has been laid and monitored for initial properties. The monitoring included physical properties of the materials, the temperatures of the mixture at various stages of the construction and the carbon footprint of the construction. The aim of the demonstration was to help establish criteria for specifying lower temperature asphalt mixtures within the framework of harmonized European standards for the production of asphalt and, if necessary, national requirements for the application of lower temperature asphalts. In addition, the initial and ongoing performance of the lower temperature asphalts on this site, and on some other sites, has been investigated. The investigation has included obtaining advice on the durability obtained with lower temperature asphalts in the USA and Scandinavia, although with limited success because the materials have not yet been monitored for long enough.

A valószínűségi alapú útleromlási modellek továbbfejlesztése: pilot alkalmazás
Further Development of Probabilistic Road Deterioration Modelling: Pilot Application
a letöltéshez ingyenes regisztráció szükséges
Szerző(k):
Tim Martin, Lith Choummanivong, Thorolf Thoresen, Peter Kadar
Austroads Australia
Terjedelem: 37 oldal
This report documents research to further develop probabilistic modelling work undertaken in 2012 and demonstrate the impact the variations in predictions of the main dependent variable, roughness, has on road agency costs (RAC) and vehicle operating costs (VOC) in a pavement life-cycle costing analysis. This phase of work used a pilot application of a three road network with each road having different levels of traffic and pavement performance outcomes. The pilot study showed that the RAC estimates are highly sensitive to the percentile roughness estimates compared to the VOC estimates because during the pavement life-cycle costing analysis the roughness levels are contained to within 4 IRI by the intervention of rehabilitation.

Elektronikus és statikus jelzések információinak felfogási képessége
Ability to Absorb Information Through Electronic and Static Signs
a letöltéshez ingyenes regisztráció szükséges
Szerző(k):
Clarissa Han, Peter Cairney
Austroads Australia
Terjedelem: 109 oldal

This report reviews current practices and research evidence on the co-location of three types of signs: direction signs (DS), variable message signs (VMS) and variable speed limits/lane control signs (VSL/LCS). An advanced driving simulator study was conducted by the Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety to further investigate the possible impacts of sign co-locations on drivers’ responses and behaviour under an emergency situation. The research found that dual co-location of VSL/LCS, VMS and/or DS has been widely practised overseas and in Australia. Triple co-location of VSL/LCS, VMS and DS is also practised overseas but is still new to the Australian driving community. Findings in this report suggest that although there is no clear evidence showing that triple co-location gives rise to riskier behaviour, this proposition should be viewed with caution, but should not rule out further evaluation of triple co-location in a real life setting. It is also recommended that triple co-located signs should be used only in situations where other arrangements for displaying essential sign information are impractical.

Utazási idő megtakarítás értékelése
Travel time saving assessment

Szerző(k):
Wallis I, K Rupp, R Alban

Ian Wallis Associates Ltd, Jacobs NZ Ltd, NZ Transport Agency, Új-Zéland

Terjedelem: 157 oldal
This report on the assessment of travel time savings has been prepared by consultants (Jacobs NZ Ltd with Ian Wallis Associates Ltd) as part of the NZ Transport Agency’s 2013/14 research programme. The research addressed knowledge gaps (internationally and in New Zealand) relating to methods for the valuation of travel time savings (VTTS) for non-business travel, for use in the economic appraisal of transport investment projects, in the following four main areas:
• Significance and weighting of travel time savings. How significant are travel time savings relative to the total (monetarised and non-monetarised) benefits of typical transport investment projects?
• Valuation of time savings vs trip duration. Do people’s unit VTTS (per minute) vary significantly with the overall duration (or distance) of their trip: and, if so, what is the pattern of variation?
• Valuation of time savings vs extent of time saved. Do people’s unit VTTS vary substantially between small time savings and larger time savings; and, if so, what is the pattern of variation?
• Allowing for income effects. Should the unit VTTS applied in economic appraisals be based directly on travellers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for time savings; or should these values be adjusted to offset the effects of income differences; or should a single ‘equity’ value of (non-business) time be adopted for all trips?