Nemzetközi szemle: Április

Vitairat: Az együttműködő összekapcsolt közlekedési rendszerek (C-ITS) biztonságos jövőképének nemzeti megalkotása

Discussion Paper: Towards a national vision for a secure, connected future through Cooperative Connected Transport Systems (C-ITS)
Szerző(k):
Transport Certification Australia Ltd

Terjedelem: 51 oldal

Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) enable real-time wireless communication between vehicles, roadside infrastructure, mobile devices and back-office systems. They have been developed as a way to deliver a safer and more efficient transport network that is less congested and more environmentally friendly. This discussion paper prepared by Transport Certification Australia (TCA) is intended to inform and provoke discussion, and contribute to the development of this national vision. It builds on previous papers published by TCA with a view to advancing Australia’s interests in adopting CITS in a manner that delivers safe, secure, and commercially and operationally sustainable results. By focussing on security, this paper addresses the lack of discussion – and in some cases, the total silence – in this space. The security solution for the connected, C-ITS environment that has emerged out of international collaboration is called a Cooperative Credential Management System (CCMS). The concept of a CCMS is a central pillar to enable security across systems.

 

GPS és automatikus jármű helymeghatározás a téli útüzemben – szintézis

Synthesis on Global Positioning Systems/Automatic Vehicle Location Equipment Used for Winter Maintenance
Szerző(k):
A.S. Potter, M.R. Gallagher, C.W. Bayer
SRF Consulting Group, Inc. USA
Terjedelem: 196 oldal

This project gathered information about available Global Positioning Systems/Automatic Vehicle Location (GPS/AVL) equipment and vendors to gain an understanding of their use by state and local agencies for winter maintenance activities. Depending on the complexity desired, many tools and equipment can comprise these systems, including truck controllers, data collection devices, communication devices, plow sensors, and software. This equipment allows agencies to better manage and analyze their winter maintenance operations. There are also numerous choices agencies have in what GPS/AVL solutions to employ, as well as how to effectively use them. The project included four main tasks: conducting a national search of available literature about winter maintenance GPS/AVL solutions, equipment, and technology, developing a survey for state and local agencies to collect data on their experiences with GPS/AVL systems, developing an equipment guide about GPS/AVL equipment based on the literature search and survey results, and developing a synthesis of policies focused on issues and considerations relating to the implementation of GPS/AVL technology for winter maintenance.

 

Folytatólagosan megerősített beton útburkolat kézikönyv. Útmutató a tervezés, építés, fenntartás és rehabilitáció számára

Continuously reinforced concrete pavement manual. Guidelines for Design, Construction, Maintenance, and Rehabilitation
Szerző(k):
Jeffery R. Roesler, Jacob E. Hiller, Alexander S. Brand
University of Illinois, Michigan Technological University, USA
Terjedelem: 129 oldal

Continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) was introduced in the United States almost 100 years ago when the U.S. Bureau of Public Roads (now the Federal Highway Administration) constructed a CRCP test section on Columbia Pike in Arlington, Virginia. Since then, CRCP has been constructed in many states in the U.S. and in a number of other countries. As experience with the design and construction of CRCP has grown, a variety of lessons learned through practical experience and research have contributed to the development of best practices for CRCP throughout its life cycle. Today, CRCP is designed and constructed as a pavement of choice for long-life performance, recognizing that initial smoothness will be maintained for decades and that maintenance during that time will be minimal. This manual provides guidance for materials selection and quality assurance, and for the mechanistic-empirical design, construction, maintenance, and rehabilitation of CRCP. Case studies are summarized to document the overall long-life performance of CRCP in the U.S. and in other countries.

 

Az utazási idő megbízhatóságának szakasz és folyosó alapú értékelése városi gyorsforgalmi utakon

Assessing Segment- and Corridor-Based Travel-Time Reliability on Urban Freeways
Szerző(k):
J. Dong, C. Lu, C. Liu, N. Hawkins
Iowa State University USA
Terjedelem: 87 oldal

Travel time and its reliability are intuitive performance measures for freeway traffic operations. The objective of this project was to quantify segment-based and corridor-based travel time reliability measures on urban freeways. To achieve this objective, a travel-time estimation model and a travel-time reliability prediction framework were developed. The proposed travel-time estimation model considers spatially correlated traffic conditions. Segment-level and corridor-level travel-time distributions were estimated using travel time estimates and compared with estimates based on probe vehicle data. Corridor-level travel-time reliability measures were extracted from travel-time distributions. The proposed travel-time estimation model can well capture the temporal pattern of travel time and its distribution. For the corridor-level travel-time reliability prediction framework, travel time observations are classified based on weather conditions, segment travel-time distributions are estimated, and segment travel-time distributions are synthesized to corridor travel-time distributions. The segment travel-time distribution estimation model was found to capture the pattern of actual travel-time distributions and could adequately represent the short-term corridor-level travel-time distributions. The proposed travel-time reliability prediction framework provides a systematic way to estimate real-time and near-future corridor travel-time reliability by considering weather impact. A Vissim simulation calibrated to Iowa compared travel-time distribution based on simulated data to that based on probe vehicle data. The simulated travel-time distribution is similar to the travel-time distribution based on probe data.

Az útburkolat szerkezeti értékelése hálózati szinten

Pavement Structural Evaluation at the Network Level
Szerző(k):
G.R. Rada, S. Nazarian, B.A. Visintine, R. Siddharthan, S. Thyagarajan
Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure, Inc., The University of Texas, University of Nevada, USA
Terjedelem: 286 oldal

As State transportation departments consider structural adequacy as part of their routine pavement management system (PMS) activities by incorporating deflection testing, it is important to advance their practices from measuring deflection using falling weight deflectometers, which involves a slow, stop-and-go operation and requires lane closures, to a more viable alternative for network-level pavement management applications. The development of moving deflection testing devices that can measure pavement responses at traffic speeds represents this more viable alternative. The modern versions of the moving deflection testing devices that are actively used today include the Traffic Speed Deflectometer (TSD) and a Rolling Wheel Deflectometer (RWD). The goal of this project was to establish a reliable measure of the structural condition of bound pavement layers above the unbound base layer as it deteriorates over time under traffic and environmental loading based on moving pavement deflection technology measuring at traffic speeds. Moreover, this measure needed to be robust enough in capturing the structural condition or deterioration of the pavement layer notwithstanding the seasonal and spatial variation in base and subgrade layers. As part of the project, a literature review was conducted, and questionnaires were developed for device manufacturers, owners, and users, which were then followed up by interviews. Both the TSD and RWD were found to be potentially viable devices. Based on this finding, a work plan was developed and implemented to evaluate if the two devices met a minimum set of specifications related to the structural evaluation of pavements at the network level including accuracy and precision of deflection measurements, monitoring applied load, operating speed, and distance between deflection measurements. Field evaluations and validation analyses were completed in accordance with the work plan. Ultimately, analysis methodologies and processes were developed for incorporating pavement structural information within highway agencies’ PMS applications.

 

13. Nemzeti városi gyorsvasút és villamos konferencia: a városi területek átalakítása

13th National Light Rail and Streetcar Conference: Transforming Urban Areas
Szerző(k):
Transportation Research Board USA
Terjedelem: 483 oldal

On November 15–17, 2015, more than 220 transportation industry experts met at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Minneapolis, Minnesota, for the 13th National Conference. Sponsored by TRB and APTA and hosted by Metro Transit, the conference focused on how investments in light rail and streetcars can strengthen the entire transit network, contribute to regional mobility, and integrate successfully into the built environment. Sessions explored ways to plan, design, construct, maintain and operate light rail and streetcar systems. Positive results were showcased in metropolitan areas that have embraced light rail and streetcars. The conference continued the themes of “inserting” LRT and streetcars into urban street environments and tracking the reemergence of streetcars that was begun in the 2012 conference. State of good repair, safety, infrastructure, and state-of-the-art vehicles were major themes. A session was devoted to developments in Canada, and a special panel discussion on successful practices in Eastern and Western Europe closed the conference.

Hídpályák értékelése roncsolás mentes nagy sebességű vizsgálattal a hatékony vagyongazdálkodásért – pilot projekt

Evaluation of Bridge Decks Using Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) at Near Highway Speeds for Effective Asset Management – Pilot Project
Szerző(k):
T.M. Ahlborn, C.N. Brooks, R.J. Dobson, D.M. Banach
Michigan Technological University USA
Terjedelem: 100 oldal (3 részben tölthető le)

This project piloted the findings from an initial research and development project pertaining to the detection, quantification, and visualization of bridge deck distresses through the use of remote sensing techniques, specifically combining optical and thermal imagery, and expanded by increasingthe rate of data collection to near-highway speed (speeds of at least 45 mph). Specifically, six large deck bridges (>90,000 sf) were assessed, without closing lanes to traffic, and are presented. Top deck concrete surfaces were evaluated for spalls and delaminations, and were recapped in map-based and table-based element level summaries with percentage and area by condition state and by span. Personnel and computing times were documented, and costs were estimated for a similar future bridge deck condition assessment for a large deck bridge. Additionally, this pilot project conducted a 3-D Optical Bridgeevaluation System (3DOBS) accuracy assessment, and provided training and demonstration sessions to help MDOT personnel understand and implement these technologies.
By identifying element level condition states of concrete decks through innovative methods of data collection and advanced data processing, implementation of these combined remote sensing technologies has the potential to become a standard MDOT business practice.

A közlekedés szabályozása. A szabályozási hatásértékelés lehetséges szerepe a svéd közlekedéstervezésben

Regulating transport. The possible role of regulatory impact assessment in Swedish transport planning
Szerző(k):
L. Nerhagen, S. Forsstedt
International Transport Forum OECD
Terjedelem: 30 oldal

By performing RIA, the risk of imposing a proposal that is inefficient or leads to sub-optimization is reduced. In the EU this approach to regulatory policy making was introduced in 2002 and it is a crucial component of the Better Regulation Agenda. However the practical implementation of this approach in Member States is varied; Sweden has not implemented the full RIA process. Currently there is a focus on the reduction of administrative burdens for businesses. This paper describes the present use of RIA and CBA in the Swedish planning context and discusses the reasons for and the consequences of current practices. Using the Swedish transport regulator as a case study, the paper considers the following aspects; i) the Swedish planning context and existing requirements regarding the use of RIA, ii) current focus of research regarding CBA for infrastructure investments in the Swedish transport sector and the need for greater focus on issues concerning regulation, iii) the difficulty to quantify and place monetary values on effects, which also increases when unique, complex and uncertain situations are assessed and iv) the need for the alignment of incentives at all levels and across agencies.

A felszíni közlekedés szabályozása 2040: technológiák, trendek és más változási tényezők

Land Transport Regulation 2040: Technology, trends and other factors of change
Szerző(k):
National Transport Commission Australia
Terjedelem: 30 oldal

The National Transport Commission (NTC) is undertaking strategic work called Land Transport Regulation 2040. The key question for this work is: How could or should we regulate land transport in the future? The purpose of this paper is to provide information about technology, trends and other factors of change to stimulate discussion to inform this key question. This paper briefly explores some of the technologies and key factors that could have a significant impact on land transport in the future. The key factors that were used in developing future transport scenarios as part of this work were: automation, shared mobility, data availability and sharing, consumer demand for convenience and new services.