Nemzetközi szemle: Szeptember
Egészséges mobilitás és a közlekedés biztonsága
Healthy mobility and road safety
Szerző(k): Smith, S. Chowdhury, J. Hammond (TRL Transport Research Laboratory UK)
Link: https://trl.co.uk/sites/default/files/Healthy%20Mobility%20Report%20January%202019.pdf
Terjedelem: 44 oldal
Kivonat:
Active travel is beneficial in terms of health outcomes (both physical and mental) and also has benefits in terms of reduced congestion and improved air quality. Substituting short car journeys with an active mode of transport has the potential to reduce congestion, air pollution and encourage a healthier lifestyle. However, walking and cycling have a higher risk of road traffic injury than travelling by car.
This work attempted to estimate the likely effects on safety of increasing levels of active travel, using National Travel Survey data, and road injury data from the Stats19 database.
Mobilitás menedzsment: jelentés az államok helyzetéről
Mobility Management: State of the States Report
Szerző(k): P.S. Sriraj, E. Hall, M. McCarthy, L.Dirks (University of Illinois USA)
Terjedelem: 40 oldal
Kivonat:
Mobility management is designed to respond to the individual needs of each rider, regardless of where they live or how they choose to get around. Mobility management networks are networks that are designed to improve the overall mobility overall for any given trip, regardless of the rider characteristics, mode, or geography. Mobility management thrives when there is a coordinated effort and combining of assets among private organizations and public agencies, all working together in pursuit of better service delivery at lower costs. This report terms it as mobility management networks. While these networks exist around the country, there is not a lot known about their role, their influence in providing mobility as a service (MaaS), or their ability in affecting mobility of individuals. It is the objective of this report to shed light on these mobility management networks at the state level with the help of an electronic survey of state mobility managers and affiliated stakeholders.
Nagyarányú újrahasznosított anyag helyszíni felhasználása a fenntartható burkolatért
Field Implementation of High-Volume Recycled Materials for Sustainable Pavement Construction
Szerző(k): K.H. Khayat, S. Sadati (Missouri University of Science and Technology USA)
Link: https://www.modot.org/sites/default/files/documents/cmr19-005.pdf
Terjedelem: 61 oldal
Kivonat:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of producing sustainable concrete materials for rigid pavement construction using high volume of recycled materials. The goal was to replace 50% of all solid materials in the concrete with recycled materials and industrial by-products. This included the replacement of cement with at least 50% supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and aggregate with 50% recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). Nine optimized mixtures from the first phase of the project that exhibited satisfactory performance were selected for the construction of single layer and two-lift rigid pavement systems. Life cycle cost assessment indicated that sustainable concrete with optimal SCMs and RCA can lead to cost savings of 17.6% of agency costs, 12.1% of user cost, 12.1% of social cost, and 17.5% of total life cycle cost. The development of a database and analysis using artificial intelligence was performed to quantify the properties of concrete as a function of RCA characteristics. Test results obtained through the case study indicated that the reduction in the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of pavement concrete can be limited to 10% when the coarse RCA has a water absorption lower than 2.5%,
A hó és jég elleni közútkezelői tevékenység teljesítmény mutatói
Performance Measures in Snow and Ice Control Operations
Szerző(k): ICF, Athey Creek Consultants, Vaisala Inc. USA
Link: https://www.nap.edu/download/25410
Terjedelem: 167 oldal
Kivonat:
This report presents approaches for monitoring the performance of snow and ice control activities by public agencies and proposes a core set of performance measures that can be customized and used by agencies to meet their snow and ice control objectives. The report includes a guide document to facilitate implementation of these performance measures,and explores the capabilities required by public agencies to adequately monitor these measures and use relevant information to support decision-making processes and report on the effectiveness of snow and ice control operations. The information contained in the report will be of immediate interest to state maintenance engineers and others involved inthe different aspects of snow and ice control operations.
Zúzalékvázas aszfaltok kezdeti csúszásellenállásának elemzése a skót törzsúthálózaton
An analysis of early-life skid resistance of SMAs on the Scottish trunk road network
Szerző(k): A. Martin (TRL Transport Research Laboratory UK)
Terjedelem: 22 oldal
Kivonat:
The GripTester braked-wheel fixed slip device has been used extensively on the Scottish trunk road network since the publication of Transport Scotland’s TS2010 surface course specification in 2010. Currently GripTesters are used to test the early-life skid resistance of both TS2010 and standard Clause 942 surface courses at a nominal period of four weeks and six months. The aim of this study is to determine whether any relations exist between early-life GripTester measurements and other factors such as material characteristics, Site Categories and traffic levels. The data was also examined to see whether any relations existed between the six month GripTester result and subsequent SCRIM surveys.The report includes recommendations including restricting GripTester surveys to the summer months and conducting additional analysis to include the 2018 SCRIM survey to provide confidence in establishing a relation between six month GripNumbers and future SCRIM surveys and its potential to be used as a predictive tool.
A gazdasági ciklusok és a közlekedési balesetek közötti összefüggés javított becslése
Updated Estimates of the Relationship between the Business Cycle and Traffic Fatalities
Szerző(k): Elvik (The Institute of Transport Economics, Norway) (International Transport Forum OECD)
Terjedelem: 37 oldal
Kivonat:
The main conclusions of the research presented in this paper can be summarised as follows: In most of the 14 countries included in the study, an increase in unemployment is associated with a decline in the number of traffic fatalities. The association between unemployment and traffic fatalities has become more consistently negative from 1995-2005 to 2006-2016. Traffic fatalities among road users in the 18-24 years age group are not consistently more sensitive to changes in unemployment than the total number of traffic fatalities. There is a tendency for the number of traffic fatalities to be weakly associated with changes in unemployment in countries that succeed in keeping fluctuations in unemployment within a narrow range.
Repülőterek gazdasági és társadalmi fenntarthatósága
Economic and Social Sustainability at Airports
Szerző(k): M.Vigilante (Synergy Consultants, Inc. USA)
Link: https://www.nap.edu/download/25408
Terjedelem: 33 oldal
Kivonat:
This proceedings of an ACRP Insight Event prepared by Mary Vigilante, Synergy Consultants, Inc., the rapporteur, is a compilation of the presentations (available at:http://www.trb.org/ACRP/ACRP-Insight-Event-Economic-Social-Sustainability.aspx) and a factual summary of the ensuing discussions at the event.Planning included discussions around whether and how to separate the examination of on economic and social sustainability, and the depth to which each aspect would be addressed.
Okos úthasználat
Smart Use of Roads
Szerző(k): International Transport Forum OECD
Link: https://www.itf-oecd.org/sites/default/files/docs/smart-use-roads_0.pdf
Terjedelem: 47 oldal
Kivonat:
This report examines strategies and technologies applied to better utilise existing road networks. It has long been recognised that capacity expansion through the construction of new roads alone is not an efficient approach to meeting peak demand, especially in cities with a well-developed road network. This approach to congestion is often unsustainable because pent up demand quickly fills up new road space and congestion will return. The report summarises the findings of a workshop on alternative responses to congestion organised by the ITF’s Working Group on the Smart Use of Roads. The Workshop brought together 39 experts and practitioners from 11 countries in Tokyo in October 2018. Participants discussed the use of real-time data to identify congestion bottlenecks and to provide dynamic route guidance to travellers and reviewed localised infrastructure measures to relieve congestion in the short to medium term. The Workshop also examined the way in which road tolls have been modified to relieve congestion on the expressway networks of Tokyo and Chinese Taipei and the evolution of Singapore’s road pricing system to maintain its effectiveness in managing demand.